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Are Flying Cars the Future of Aviation? Business/ Technology (dostęp otwarty)

  • cutting edge technology – nowatorska technologia
  • questions remain – pytania, znaki zapytania pozostają / są aktualne

Aerospace has several cutting edge technology topics that tend to appear every now and then to astonish us with a dose of  futurism.

WYMOWA

 

commercial space tourism is about to start happening.

Supersonic commercial aircraft are on the verge of becoming a reality again.

And what about flying cars? Turns out, a lot of optimism can be found there, but even more questions remain.

  • in various stages of developing – na różnych etapach rozwoju
  • certify designs – certyfikować projekty
  • out of reach – poza zasięgiem

There are over 100 companies in various stages of developing, testing and certifying their designs for a flying car.  And it seems this new kind of transportation will not be out of reach for an average consumer. The cheapest flying car in development, Samson Switchblade, is advertised to cost $120,000 a bit cheaper than your average used Cessna 172.

  • approachable – w przystępnej cenie
  • in the process of building prototypes – w trakcie budowy prototypów
  • pass the stage – przejść etap / mieć za sobą

The cost of using such a vehicle on a sharing basis is also approachable for an average citizen, as Uber’s Elevate flying taxi service is expected to cost $5.73 per mile, just a bit more than a London taxi. Furthermore,  several active flying car companies are currently in the process of building their prototypes, and a few have passed that stage and started flight testing.

  • bite off the market – odebrać część rynku

According to some estimation, the flying car market would reach over $1.5 trillion by 2040, biting off parts of road, aircraft and public transportation markets.

  • deliver an affordable flying car – dostarczyć/ oferować przystępny …
  • attract investors – przyciągać inwestorów

On the darker side though, the last decade saw a wave  of new and exciting companies that have promised to deliver an affordable flying car by whatever date has already passed.  Startups are built on attracting investors with exciting promises, therefore they are naturally inclined to make their 3D designs prettier, deadlines closer and prices smaller…

  • 1:02′ carry a single passenger – przewieźć/ przetransportować  jednego pasażera
  • 1:41′ impact on … – wpływ na …
  • 1:45′ pioneering technology – pionierska technologia
  • 2:08′ merger between … – fuzja/ połączenie …
  • 2:36′ remote regions of the world – odległe regiony świata
  • 4:14′ low maintenance costs – niskie koszty utrzymania

Trochę z humorem… czy to tak ma wyglądać;)? Obejrzyj film TUTAJ.

Moduł językowy inspirowany artykułem ‘Study of Flying Cars both Bright and Murky Future’, opublikowanym na aerotime.aero

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Making Loss/ Increasing Demand. Business / Aviation (dostęp abonamentowy)

  • increase the number of flights – zwiększyć ilość lotów/ połączeń
  • high demand – wysokie zapotrzebowanie/ popyt
  • continuing uncertainty – trwająca/ przedłużająca się niepewność

WYMOWA:

Easyjet has announced it will increase the number of flights scheduled due to high demand, despite the continuing uncertainty caused by coronavirus.

  • bookings are performing better than expected – rezerwacje wyglądają lepiej niż oczekiwano
  • expand schedule – zwiększyć ilość połączeń
  • capacity – możliwości

Johan Lundgren, CEO of the airline, said the increase in capacity will start over the next two months.

I am really encouraged that we have seen higher than expected levels of demand with a load factor of 84 per cent in July with destinations like Faro and Nice remaining popular with customers. Our bookings for the remainder of the summer are performing better than expected and as a result we have decided to expand our schedule over the fourth quarter to fly 40 per cent of capacity. This increased flying will allow us to connect even more customers to family or friends and to take the breaks they have worked hard for.

  • global impact of coronavirus – globally wpływ/ uderzenie koronawirusa
  • resume services – przywrócić/ uruchomić ponownie połączenia
  • domestic routes – trasy/ połączenia krajowe

The airline had previously only expected to operate at 30 per cent of its normal capacity. Easyjet grounded its entire fleet on 30 March due to the global impact of coronavirus. The airline resumed its services on 15 June initially with just 10 aircraft focusing on domestic routes. There were also a handful of flights to France and Italy.

  • due to demand – ze względu na zapotrzebowanie/ popyt
  • relaxation of government restrictions – poluzowanie rządowych ograniczeń/ restrykcji
  • uplift in demand – wzrost zapotrzebowania
  • make a loss – przynosić straty
  • currently go through restructuring process – obecnie przechodzić proces restrukturyzacji

Due to demand and the relaxation of government restrictions, this was increased to 147 in July. In August, this will peak to around 210. Despite the uplift in demand, the company still made a loss of £324.5m before tax. The airline is currently going through a restructuring process and is looking to reduce its staff by 30 per cent.

Moduł językowy przygotowany na podstawie artykułu ‘Easyjet Increases Number of Flights’ , opublikowanego na independent.co.uk. 

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The Flight Panel. Lotnictwo

WATCH THE FILM AND LEARN THE WORDS!

0:42′ fuel quantity gauge/ indicator- wskaźnik poziomu paliwa

0:43′ the oil temperature and pressure gauge/ indicator- wskaźnik temperatury i ciśnieniomierz oleju

We need to monitor the gauges. This can indicate (określać/ oznaczać)  to us if we have an oil leak (wyciek oleju) and provide us with notice (poinformować/ dać znać)  ahead of time to avoid any dangerous situations (uniknąć niebezpiecznych sytuacji)  and get us down safely (bezpiecznie sprowadzić na ziemię).

1:06′ display information about vacuum- wyświetlać informacje

1:18′ tachometer- tachometr/ obrotomierz

It never overworks the engine by going over (przekroczyć)  RPM limit. You can do it by descending (obniżenie pułapu lotu) and not reducing the power.

1:37′ the digital clock tells us the outside air temperature and voltage (napięcie) 

2:00′ the electrical panel includes the magneto switches, master alternator and battery switches and avionics switch

2:15′ we use the panel light switch when we need the switches to be illuminated– gdy chcemy oświetlić/ podświetliść przełączniki

2:24′ throttle control- accelerator

2:29′ flap switch- przełącznik klap

2:30′ the  elevator trim switch

2:36′ radio stack

4:07′ air speed indicator- prędkościomierz

4:09′ attitude indicator- sztuczny horyzont

4:10′ altimeter-wysokościomierz

4:11′ turn coordinator- zakrętomierz

4:12′ heading indicator- wskaźnik kursu

4:14′ vertical speed indicator- wariometr

 

performance-instruments

4:22 Pitot static instruments rely on air pressure and air intake information the  pitot tube (ruck Pitot) generates. In icing conditions it is important to activate a pitot switch so that the pitot tube doesn’t freeze over.

5:08′ create accurate speed readings- umożliwić właściwy odczyt prędkości

5:20 the altimeter uses air pressure data gathered (dane zebrane) by the pitot tube to accurately display aircraft height (dokładne wyświetlić pułap samolotu)

5:47 when the needle is up you climb (wznosisz się) and when the needle is down you are descending (obniższasz pułap lotu)

gyroscopic-venturi-tube-schematic

 

Źródło: cfinotebook.net

6:10′ rigidity in space- sztywność

6:13′ precession- precesja

6:20′ you can bank and pitch the aircraft any way you want and the gyro will always try to remain in its original position. This property always the attitude indicator and heading indicator to get accurate readings of aircraft position in reference to the horizon and magnetic north- otrzymać właściwe wskazanie pozycję samolotu w odniesieniu do horyzontu oral północy magnetycznej

banking the aircraft

4-28-forcesduringnormalcoordinatedturn

Źródło: design-plane.bogspot.com

                             Pitching                                                          Rolling                                                           Yawing                       

aircra2

Źródło: waybuilder.net

fig7-24

Źródło: flyinhighokc.com

6:40′ we are going to pitch back 10 degrees- 10 stopni

7:38′ bank to the left- lewo

57a_example

Źródło: diteracy.com

8:12′ the heading indicator (wskaźnik kursu) shows the aircraft’s heading compared to magnetic north

8:15′ right now we are traveling at a heading of about 270 per west

8:20′ the heading indicator shows our heading value (wartość/ określenie kursu) as two digit numbers

8:31′ north, east, south and west are displayed (wyświetlone/ ukazane) as letters respectively

8:36 the numerical values- wartości liczbowe

8:47′ increment- przyrost/ podwyżka

turn-coordinator

Źródło: cfinotebook.net

8:52′ the turn coordinator (zakrętomierz)  shows the aircraft direction…. It uses the gyroscopic proper of precession which is the tilting and turning on the spinning gyro to determine the rate of turn (określić poziom skrętu) . It does this by sensing the pressure on the gyro by banking the aircraft.

9:19′ wings are level with the horizon- skrzydła są w tym samym poziomie co

9:28′ at the standard rate of turn the aircraft can complete a full 360 degree turn in two minutes

9:40 inclinometer- chyłomierz

9:41′ the inclinometer shows if the turn is coordinated or not with the ball- pływak

9:49′ slip and skid- ześlizg i wyślizg