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Dangerous Passengers on Board.

Dzisiaj wpis z mojego lotniczego bloga: IMPROVE-YOUR-AVIATION-ENGLISH BLOG NA ICAO4U.PL    W tym wpisie zaznaczamy wyłącznie słowa i wyrażenia, które ilustrują wykorzystanie terminologii prawniczej w kontekście lotnictwa.

WYMOWA SŁÓW I WYRAŻEŃ:

  • sentence to life in prison- skazać na wyrok dożywotniego więzienia
  • hijack threat- groźba porwania
  • result in emergency landing- spowodować/zakończyć się lądowaniem awaryjnym

An Indian businessman was sentenced to life in prison on Tuesday for a hijack threat on a domestic flight in 2017 that resulted in an emergency landing.

  • resident- mieszkaniec/ citizen- obywatel
  • charge sb. with/ for  sth.- postawić komuś zarzut ______
  • pose threat to safety- stanowić (być) zagrożenie dla bezpieczeństwa
  • fine- grzywna/ wymierzyć grzywnę
  • compensation to the crew and passengers- odszkodowanie dla załogi i pasażerów
Birju Kishor Salla, a resident of Mumbai, was arrested and charged for posing a threat to the safety of passengers and crew on board a plane. He was also fined 50 million rupees ($720,000), which a special court ruled would be given as compensation to the crew and passengers.
  • get compensation – otrzymać odszkodowanie
The 2017 incident, on a flight from Mumbai to New Delhi, resulted in the grounding of the plane belonging to the now-defunct Jet Airways airline. Each pilot will get compensation of 100,000 rupees out of the fine amount, while each member of the cabin crew will receive 50,000 rupees, and each passenger will be paid 25,000 rupees.
  • pass act – przyjąć prawo/ ustawę
  • tighten (previous) legislation – zaostrzyć (dotychczas) obowiązujące prawo
Salla’s case was the first one registered under India’s new anti-hijacking act passed in 2016. The latest law has tightened previous legislation and expands the scope of the expression ‘hijacking’ to include threats.
  • explosives- materiały wybuchowe
The NIA stated in court that a female flight attendant “found a threat note in the washroom of the business class of the plane which stated that, ‘There are hijackers on board and explosives on the plane.’ The plane immediately called for an emergency landing.
  • attempt to seize control of an aircraft – próba przejęcia kontroli nad statkiem powietrznym
  • make threats/ threaten – grozić 
Investigators were able to trace the note to Salla and charged him last year for attempting to seize control of an aircraft and for making threats.
  • intentionally commit the offense – umyślnie popełnić przestępstwo
  • disrupt the operation – zakłócić przebieg lotu
  • jeopardize the safety – stanowić realne zagrożenie dla bezpieczeństwa
It was later established that accused Salla intentionally committed the offense of disrupting the operation of aircraft, jeopardizing the safety of the passengers and crew members on board.
/Autor
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z ICAO4U: rekrutacja/ rozmowa kwalifikacyjna/ postawa w pracy

W icao4u.pl razem przygotowujemy program przygotowania pilotów do rozmowy kwalifikacyjnej w liniach lotniczych, jednak etap rekrutacji: pilot’s attitude, ma charakter interdyscyplinarny i może być przydatny w każdej branży. 

  • a wide array/ range of skills- szeroki zakres umiejętnści/ kompetencji
  • perform operations safely- bezpiecznie wykonywać czynności/ obowiązki/ działania

The pilot must have a wide array/ range of skills to perform operations safely.

  • attentiveness- skupienie/ uważność
  • distinguish- wyróżniać
  • run high risk- ponosić/ podejmować duże ryzyko

Attentiveness is is one of the features which distinguish a good pilot. If you are not focused you run high risk of causing the accident.

  • acquire- naybwać (np. umiejętności)

Some people are attentive by nature, others have to acquirethis feature by constant practice.

Patience is important, because the pilot needs to train patiently.

  • humble- pokorny
  • modest- skromny/ modesty- skromność

The pilot has to be humble and modest: arrogance is the first step to cause dangerous situations both on the ground and en-route.

  • phenomenon- zjawisko/ uwaga na nieregularną liczbę mnogą: phenomena- zjawiska
  • direct influence on … – bezpośredni wpływ na …
  • cross thin line- przekroczyć cienką linię

There are various weather phenomena which have direct influence on flight safety and performance of the pilot. You really don’t want to cross this thin line which separates safe flying rom taking too much risk.

  • digest information- przyjąć/ „przetrwać”/ zrozumieć informację
  •  … is a must- … jest niezbędny

Clear and slow speaking is important because it lets digest information with comfort. Proficiency in English is a must.

  • take proper decisions- podejmować trafne decyzje
  • react instantly / on the spur of the moment- reagować natychmiast
  • over extended time- przez dłuższy czas

The pilot has to be able to take proper decisions fast, sometimes he has to react instantly/ on the spur of the moment without the comfort of analyzing many factors over extended time.

  • flexible- elastyczny/ flexibility- elastyczność
  • over-reliance on … – przesadne poleganie na …
  • hazardous- niebezpieczny/ hazard- niebezpieczeństwo

Pilot’s attitude has to be flexible, the pilot needs to be able to adapt to various situations both in- and outside the cockpit. Lack of flexibility and over-reliance on routine may cause hazardous situations.

  • self-confidence- pewność siebie (pozytywnie)
  • rely on … – polegać na …
  • poor visibility conditions- warunki ograniczonej widoczności

Self-confidence. You need to rely on your knowledge and experience when instrument failure occurs i.e. in poor visibility conditions.

  • complacency- samozadowolenie
  • fight fiercely- walczyć gwałtownie z …/ zwalczać …
  • pose challenge- stanowić wyzwanie

Complacency is what all pilots both private and professional ones should fiercely fight. Always improve and develop your competence for the safety of your passengers and your own. Constant development poses a lot of challenge but is definitely indispensable.

/Autor
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The Amazing Goodbye by Air Berlin. Lotnictwo/ Prawo.

Beginners:

 

scream in terror- krzyczeć z przerażenia

The passengers were screaming in terror– Pasażerowie krzyczeli z przerażenia.

Intermediate:

suspend the pilot- zawiesić pilota

The airlines suspended the pilot– Linie lotnicze zawiesiły pilota w wykonywaniu obowiązków.

Advanced

conduct the investigation- przeprowadzić śledztwo

The prosecutor’s office is conducting the investigation– Prokuratura prowadzi śledztwo.

Full text:

During the last long-distance flight, Airbus A330 pilot handled the approach (podejście) to the Dusseldorf Airport in the memorable way. The landing attempt was aborted (próba lądowania została przerwana) and the pilot performed a low pass (wykonał niski przelot)  around the control tower.  Some onlookers definitely enjoyed the view, however the some of the passengers reportedly screamed in terror (krzyczeli z przerażenia). Also, the people in the terminal were worried. Air Berlin has already suspended the pilot (zawiesili pilota) and the -co-pilot and German Federal Aviation Office is conducting the investigation (prowadzi śledztwo/ dochodzenie) . Following the incident the pilot said to ZDF: ‘We wanted to make a mark (wykonać gest) , a dignified and emotional goodbye (godne i emocjonalne pożegnanie)‘.

 

/Autor
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To Bury Pets in the Human Cemeteries… Prawo.

Beginners:

find the room for…- znaleźć miejsce dla (także przenośnie)

We will find the room for one more passenger- Znajdziemy miejsce dla jeszcze jednego pasażera.

The law doesn’t find the room for this types of contract within the legal system- Prawo nie przewiduje miejsca dla tego typu umów w ramach porządku prawnego.

Intermediate:

designated for- przeznaczone dla

These places are designated for the residents only- Te miejsca przeznaczone są wyłącznie dla mieszkańców.

Advanced:

advocate- opowiadać się za …/ wspierać ( ostatnio bardzo popularny synonim dla ‘support’)

Many citizens advocate the idea of enabling the people to be buried alongside their dogs- Wielu obywateli opowiada się za umożliwieniem ludziom pochówku obok ich psów.

Full text:

The burial (pochówek) of pet remains (szczątki) in cemeteries designated for (przeznaczone dla) humans is illegal most countries.  Like most other rules referring to (odnoszące się do …/ dotyczące …)   funerals, these are often based on a cultural sense of what is appropriate (odpowiedni). But for increasingly more people being buried alongside their animal companion is the last wish. Many people advocate (opowiada się za …/ wspiera) the idea of of  “whole-family cemeteries” in which all members of the family, including pets, could be buried together. Of course, it depends on what people consider to be the role of pets in their lives. Interestingly, in many countries (i.e. the USA and France) laws and policies find the room (przewidują miejsce dla …/ możliwość …) to make these burials happen. There are lots of stories people tell about the families sneaking (“przemycający”) the ashes of the dogs to the caskets (urny) of their deceased (zmarli) family members.  Why should people have to sneak rather than do it openly and legally? Eloise Woods in Texas  has already a section  in the park:  76 animals are buried in family plots, waiting for their people, and three animals are already buried with their owners.

Photo by Rachel Omnès on Unsplash

/Autor
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Marijuana Approved to Treat Period Pains? Medycyna/ Prawo.

Beginners:

ease the pain- złagodzić ból

The use of marijuana in medicine allows to ease the pain– Zastosowanie marihuany w medycynie pozwala złagodzić ból.

Intermediate:

wellbeing- samopoczucie

Life without pain is the condition for improved wellbeing of the patients- Życie bez bólu jest warunkiem poprawy sampoczucia pacjentów.

Advanced:

clear advantage over …- jasna/ czytelna przewaga nad …

No side effects is the clear advantage of cannabis over the artificial/ chemical substances- Brak efektów ubocznych to wyraźna przewaga marihuany nad sztucznymi/ cehmicznymi substancjami.

Full text:

It is reported that the State of New York will approve (zatwierdzić/ zgodzić się na …) the use of marijuana to treat severe period pains (leczyć ostry ból towarzyszący menstruacji). The legislation of various states in the US already allows cannabis as a medication in case of cancer, AIDS and epilepsy to ease the accompanying pain (łagodzić towarzyszący ból)  and other symptoms of the conditions. The official statement says that the step will improve the women’s wellbeing (samopoczucie) and also their productivity during the menstruation. So far there haven’t been many medical methods to stop the pain which accompanies period. Mainly the oral contraceptives (środki antykoncepcyjne) which stop the ovulation or paracetamol-including pills. Meanwhile, the State of Colorado is experimenting with the mirijuana tampons which include two active cannabis ingredients, absorbed through the vaginal wall they block the nerves carrying the signal to the brain. The fact that the ingredients are absorbed only locally in the organism gives them the clear advantage over (czytelna/ jasna przewaga nad …) the aforementioned (wspomniane/ wymenione wcześniej) chemical substances.

 

/Autor
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Violence in the Sky. Lotnictwo/ Prawo/ Medycyna.

Beginners:

assistance- pomoc/ wsparcie

The passengers provided assistance to the cabin crew- Pasażerowie udzielili wsparcia/ pomocy personelowi pokładowemu.

Intermediate:

release from …- zwolnić z …

A few days before the incident the passenger was released from psychiatric hospital- Kilka dni przed zdarzeniem pacjent został wypuszczony ze szpitala psychiatrycznego.

Advanced:

at no point…- w żadnym razie/ ani przez chwilę/ nawet przez moment

At no point the passengers were in danger- Nawet przez chwilę pasażerowie nie byli zagrożeni.

Full text:

The heavily armed (ostro/ mocno uzbrojony) Australian security personnel boarded the Malaysia Airlines  plane when the passenger tried to intrude the cockpit and threaten the safety (wtargnąć do kokpitu i zagrozić bezpieczeństwu) of flight. The airplane was scheduled (zaplanowany)  to fly to Kuala Lumpur but was forced to return to Melbourne. The intruder turned out to be a 25 year old citizen of Sri Lanka who was released from (zwolniony z …)  the psychiatric hospital a week before the incident. He suddenly  stood up and ran towards the cockpit shouting that he has some explosive (materiał wybuchowy) . He was immediately wrestled down (powalony) by the crew and the passengers who  provided the assistance (zapewnić pomoc). The Malaysia Airlines press officer underlines (rzecznik prasowy podkreśla…)  that at no point (and przez chwilę) the aircraft was hijacked (porwany).  In Melbourne the passenger was escorted off (wyprowadzony) the airplane by the heavily armed personnel. The man who has been studying in Australia on a student visa will appear in court on charges related to endangering a plane or making a false threat (zarzuty sprowadzenia niebezpieczeństwa na samolot lub przedstawienia fałszywych gróźb). Such charges carry a maximum penalty (są obciążone maksymalną karą)  of 10 years in prison. The government of the state of Victoria offered to the passengers all support needed.

 

 

/Autor
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How to Write a Letter of Application.

(Date)

 

(Your name, address)

(Recipient’s name, address)

 

Dear Sirs,

I am writing to you to apply for the English language course at _____________ (name of the school) from _____ (date) to _____(date). My current level of English language command is considered to be pre-FCE level.

I am an 18 year old  secondary school student in Szczecin. In one year I am going to graduate from the school and enter the Department of  _____  (name) at the University of _____ (name). I have been studying English for eight years and have already passed FCE exam at grade ____(grade).  At the moment both at school and at the courses I am attending in the afternoons I am preparing to CAE exam, which I am going to have taken by the end of the year 2002.

Not only have I been interested in the language itself, but I am also keen on British culture and life. When being to Britain last year I had a chance to do sightseeing and some locations and monuments turned out to impress me a lot. Namely: ___________ (write two or three).

I am absolutely confident that my prospective study at your school will contribute significantly to my English language headway as well as offer me the chance to know Britain and its people better. I am devoted and eager to undertake various projects young person. I do take pleasure in studying and I am looking forward to joining the course at your school.

With kind regards

Jan Kowalski  (your signature in hand ABOVE printed)     

/Autor